Proteolytic inactivation of α1-antitrypsin and α1-antichymotrypsin by neutrophils in arthritic joints

α1-Antitrypsin deficiency: count me in please!

Respiratory medicine is facing formidable challenges in the 21st century. Indeed, most respiratory medical research is becoming interconnected, translational and transnational, all embedded within so-called “planetary health” [1]. However, renewing estimates and trends from classical, descriptive epidemiology, including how many patients of a given condition are around, and how many are expecte...

α1-ANTITRYPSIN-OLD DOG NEW TRICKS: α1-ANTITRYPSIN EXERTS IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY IN HUMAN MONOCYTES BY ELEVATING cAMP

Circulating polymers in α1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Most individuals carry two wild-type M alleles of the SERPINA1 gene which encodes a1-antitrypsin. 95% of severe deficiency of a1-antitrypsin is associated with the Z allele (Glu342Lys; denoted PiZZ in the homozygote), and with the retention and polymerisation of a1-antitrypsin within hepatocytes [1]. These polymers are contained within periodic acid–Schiff-positive, diastase-resistant inclusion...

Molecular Mechanism of Z α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency*

The Z mutation (E342K) of α1-antitrypsin (α1-AT), carried by 4% of Northern Europeans, predisposes to early onset of emphysema due to decreased functional α1-AT in the lung and to liver cirrhosis due to accumulation of polymers in hepatocytes. However, it remains unclear why the Z mutation causes intracellular polymerization of nascent Z α1-AT and why 15% of the expressed Z α1-AT is secreted in...

Ventilation inhomogeneity in α1-antitrypsin deficient emphysema